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重点论文网    文科论文    英语论文    论新闻英语导语的特点及其翻译
创建时间:09-21

论新闻英语导语的特点及其翻译


一、综述国内外对本课题的研究动态,说明选题的依据和意义:
 “立片言以居要,乃一篇之警策”,导语是新闻的核心,其通常由最新鲜、最重要、最吸引的事实构成,起开门见山的作用。它以简练而主动的文字表述新闻事件最重要的内容,并能吸引读者往下读。新闻英语的研究吸引了许多语言学家(Melven Mencher & Terry L.Fredickson)的关注,他们指出新闻英语导语包含的是信息,翻译的目的是传递信息。从某种意义上说,新闻导语翻译等于二次报道,即在了解原文的内容和信息量的前提下,最大限度、最大可能地把事件再报道一次;在国内,也有张建、周学艺等一大批学者,针对英文导语的语言特点及作用,作了较全面的研究分析---为保证新闻报道的可读性,起“橱窗”作用的导语普遍采用简单、短小而又熟悉的小词及扩展的简单句等。然而对于新闻导语汉译的研究,前人较多地注重技巧方面而较少提及与之相关的翻译理论。本论文试图将美国语言及翻译学家奈达提出的“动态对等”翻译标准,与新闻英语导语汉译实践相结合,以探讨新闻英语导语翻译的有效途径,正确把握导语所传达的信息,并用符合汉语习惯的表达法准确忠实地再现原导语的内容和风格。


二、研究的基本内容,拟解决的主要问题:
本文以前人提出的有关新闻英语导语语言特点的理论为基础,结合相关学者在研究新闻文体翻译理论依据、研究步骤以及研究方法,从语法、词汇和句式三个层面分析了新闻英语导语的文体特点并探索出新闻英语文体汉译的标准和方法。新闻导语翻译首要标准是准确、完整,但在译文中,词汇、语义、句法结构以及交际功能等方面均与原文达到完全绝对等值是不可能的。因此为使译文信息内容和交际效果对等,必须充分认识英语导语的表意特点和交际功能,对译文作必要调整,挑选“最贴切原文信息效果”的方法,重组信息和语义结构,以最接近、最自然的表达原英语导语的对等信息。


三、研究的步骤、方法、措施及进度安排:
1. 研究步骤:
(1)    在指导老师的帮助下,通过网络资源以及图书馆的资料,收集所写论题的相关文献,了解国内外对新闻英语导语文体特点及其翻译的研究状态和研究成果,确定论文题目;
(2)    整理、总结已有资料,写出论文提纲和接受指导老师下达的任务书;
(3)    综合已有的资料及分析结果,完成了开题报告;在指导老师的指导下,完善论文提纲,从语法、词汇和句式三个层面分析了新闻英语导语的文体特点并探索出新闻英语文体汉译的性质、标准和方法,完成初稿,并交由指导老师审阅; 
(4)    根据指导老师的修改意见,进一步完善论文的结构与内容;
(5)    交第二稿、审稿、最后定稿答辩。

2. 方法及措施:
   通过图书馆、因特网以及英美报刊杂志、相关著作和电子文献多种渠道收集查找相关领域的最新理论和研究新闻英语导语的特点及其翻译;指导老师的帮助和指导。

3. 进度安排: 
(1)选题、定题: 

四、主要参考文献:
[1] Holley, S.  News English Key Words.  Beijing: Foreign language Press, 2000.
[2] Itule, Bruce D. and Douglas A. Anderson.  News Writing and Reporting for Today’s Media. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2005.
[3] Jin Di and Eugene A. Nida. On Translation.  Beijing: China foreign Translation Press, 1984.
[4] Mencher, Melven. News Reporting and Writing.  Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2003.
[5] Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation.  Hertfordshire: Phoenix ELT, 1995.
[6] Nida, Eugene A. Language, Culture, and Translation. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2000.  
[7] 范仲英:《实用翻译教程》。北京: 外语教学与研究出版社,1999年。
[8] 李侠:“浅析英语新闻句子的特点及翻译方法”,《甘肃科学报》,2(2004):126-128。
[9] 刘其中:《新闻翻译教程》。北京:中国人民大学出版社,2004年。
[10] 刘宓庆:《文体与翻译》。北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,1998年。
[11] 宋宏:《新闻英语阅读与欣赏》。北京:国防工业出版社,2006年。
[12] 张健:《新闻英语文体与范文评析》。上海:上海外语教育出版社,2004年。
[13] 张蔚:“奈达等效翻译论在翻译研究中的重要性”,《西安外国语学院报》,2(2002):112-113。


五、指导教师意见:

Contents

Introduction    1
1 General Introduction to the News English Lead    1
2 Features of the News English Leads    3
2.1 Preference for Short Form Words    3
2.2 Frequent Adoption of Neologisms    5
2.3 Wide Use of Present Tense    5
2.4 Expanded Simple Sentences    6
2.5 Direct Speech and Indirect Speech    6
3 Translation Criteria of the News English Lead    7
3.1 Faithfulness and Completeness    9
3.2 Complete Intelligibility on the Part of the Readership    10
3.3 Harmony with the Style of Chinese News Lead    10
4 Translation Methods of Various Kinds of News English Lead    11
4.1 Summary lead and Main Fact Lead    13
4.2 Causal Lead and Pattern Lead    14
4.3 Delayed Lead    15
4.4 Quotation Lead    16
Conclusion    17
Works Cited    19
Acknowledgments    20


Introduction     
“A good beginning is half the battle” (Itule 54). A news lead, which places at the very beginning of a news item, delivers the most important information of a reported event and appeals to the readers’ interest continual reading. Therefore, a good translation of news English lead is of great significance when the communication is concerned.
This thesis contains four parts. First, it generally introduces news English lead. Second, it makes a detailed analysis of the features of news lead. Many scholars at home and abroad have made study on News English lead. Melven Mencher makes a focus on writing techniques of news lead and he points out that news lead was the window of the news report (15). Prof. Zhang Jian had thorough research on news English lead and he says that news English lead is a special variety of language (22).The remarkable features of news lead are succinct, informative and fascinating, all of which embodied in terms of its vocabulary, grammar and syntax. Generally speaking, preference for short form words, frequent adoption of neologisms and expanded simple sentences characterize the news English lead. The last two parts concentrate on establishing the translation criteria and methods of news English lead. Since news English leads distinguish news reports from other style of English, it requires particular translation criteria and methods to accurately convey the information. Eugene A. Nida’s theory of “Functional Equivalence”, which shifts its focal point from the text to the reader and emphasizes the text-reader relationship, is the most well known translation theory and it is much suitable for the translation of News English lead.   . 
This thesis is supposed to explore suitable criteria and practical methods of the translation of news English leads in the light of the basic principles of Nida’s “Functional Equivalence” theory.

1 General Introduction to the News English Lead
A lead placed at the very beginning of a news item is undoubtedly of great importance, because good leads are like good titles: they shine a flashlight down into the report and appeals to the readers’ interests continually reading. News leads refer to the first (and occasionally the second) paragraph of a news report, delivering the most important information of a news event.
Among the most important elements of news writing are the opening paragraphs of the report. Journalists refer to this as the “lead”. Its function is to draw the reader in. Its function differs depending on whether it is a “hard” or 

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